Forgotten Joint Score in THA: Comparing the Direct Anterior Approach to Posterior Approach

BackgroundThe direct anterior approach (DAA) in total hip arthroplasty (THA) has gained popularity because of potential decreased postoperative pain and quicker recovery after surgery in comparison to the posterior approach (PA). With a growing focus on patient-reported outcome (PRO) measurements after surgery, we sought to determine if one approach led to better PRO scores as determined by the Forgotten Joint Score-12 (FJS-12) questionnaire.MethodsA retrospective chart review of primary THAs between September 2016 and September 2019 at a single academic hospital was conducted. Demographic and clinical data in addition to FJS-12 scores were collected. Two groups were created based on THA approach. Frequency rates, means, and standard deviations were used to describe baseline patient characteristics. Differences in demographic data were accounted for using linear regression models.ResultsA total of 1469 cases were identified, with 830 using the DAA and 639 the PA. Significant demographic differences were observed between the 2 groups. However, when controlling for this, there were no differences in FJS-12 scores between approaches at 1 and 1.75 years (P = .232 and P = .486, respectively). At 12 weeks, DAA patients had higher satisfaction (59.21 vs 46.8; P = .006). When controlling for surgeon case volume, no differences in FJS-12 were observed at any of the time points (P = .536, P = .452, and P = .967, respectively)ConclusionDAA THA patients trended toward better PRO scores than their PA counterparts. However, when controlling for surgeon case volume, no differences were observed, which suggests that surgeon case volume and experience have an important effect on patient satisfaction and FJS-12 scores.     

The emerging role of ultrasound in detecting interstitial lung disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

ObjectiveTo investigate the potential role of US in the detection of ILD in a cohort of patients with RA.MethodsPatients with diagnosis of RA were consecutively enrolled. All patients underwent pulmonary examination, laboratory data, DLCO measure, chest HRCT and radiographs, and US examination. A healthy group was included as control group. US was performed according the 14-intercostal space scanning protocol using the following semiquantitative scale [0 = normal (≤ 5 B-lines); 1 = slight (≥ 6 and ≤ 15 B-lines); 2 = moderate, (≤ 16 and ≥ 30 B-lines); 3 = severe (≥ 30 B-lines)].ResultsA total of 74 RA patients and 74 healthy controls were included. Thirty of 74 patients (40.5%) showed US signs of ILD with respect to the healthy controls (3 subjects, 4.1%) (P < 0.001); whereas HRCT showed ILD in 27 (36.4%) of 74 patients. Among the 30 patients that showed US findings of ILD, 17 (56.6%) were asymptomatic from respiratory view-point. The sensitivity and specificity of US were 92% and 89% respectively. A positive correlation between US and HRCT findings were found (P < 0.001) whereas no correlation was found with chest radiographs and DLCO findings. Positive association between US findings and DAS28-ESR, anti-CCP and RF (P < 0.01 for each respectively) was found. Feasibility, represented by the mean time spent to perform the pulmonary US assessment was 7.8 minutes (± SD 1.2, range 6 to 10 minutes).ConclusionsOur results support the potential of US in detect accurately ILD in patients with RA and provide a rationale to consider it as a friendly screening tool to be implemented in early phases of the disease.     

磁敏感征和不对称静脉征对急性大脑中动脉闭塞患者诊断价值

目的探讨磁共振磁敏感加权成像(SWI)的动脉磁敏感征(SVS)和不对称脉静脉血管征(AVS)对急性大脑中动脉闭塞(AMCAO)引起急性缺血性卒中(AIS)体积程度的预测研究和临床价值。方法45例AMCAO患者,根据阿尔伯塔卒中计划早期CT评分为基础的改良SWI-ASPECTS评分梗死病灶侧显著组和稀疏组以及无SVS组、SVS≤20 mmm组、>21 mm组进行SWI-ASPECTS评分量化,比较患者脑梗死体积程度的差异。结果45例AMCAO患者,无SVS者11例(占24.4%),有SVS征者34例(SVS≤20 mm为19例,SVS>20 mm为15例)(占75.6%)。无SVS组、SVS≤20 mm组、SVS>20 mm组,其脑梗死体积分别为(5.11±5.913)mm^3、(22.71±33.568)mm^3和(111.51±87.352)mm^3,三组梗死体积差异有显著统计学意义(P<0.001),三组梗死SWI-ASPECTS评分差异有显著统计学意义(P<0.01)。随着SVS长度增加,SWI-ASPECTS评分呈减小趋势(经Spearman检验,r=-0.538,P<0.001);AVS稀疏组19例(占42.2%),AVS显著组26例(占57.8%),其体积分别为(103.555±80.684)mm^3和(7.413±8.224)mm^3,经Mann-Whitney U检验,稀疏组的梗死体积大于显著组,差异有显著统计学意义(Z=-5.102,P<0.001)。结论SVS是颅内动脉严重狭窄或闭塞的标志,代表了血栓的存在及血管内新鲜凝血块形成、预测栓子成分。AVS代表急性颅脑大血管闭塞的脑缺血区周围软脑膜侧支循环的形成,AVS越广泛,SVS长度越小,梗死面积越小,SWI-ASPECTS评分越高患者的侧支循环分级越高。这对于患者最终梗死体积及临床预后的评估都具有重要意义。     

Relationships Among Factors Related to Childbirth and Breastfeeding Outcomes in Primiparous Women

ObjectivesTo explore the relationships among potentially modifiable factors related to childbirth and effective breastfeeding initiation at approximately 36 hours after birth and duration and exclusivity at hospital discharge, 2 weeks, 2 months, and 6 months after birth in primiparous women and to explore whether modifiable and nonmodifiable secondary factors and covariates influenced the relationships among factors related to childbirth and these breastfeeding outcomes.DesignA prospective, longitudinal, cohort study.SettingThe postpartum units of two general hospitals in eastern Canada.ParticipantsNinety-seven mother–infant dyads.MethodsWe recorded demographic, childbirth, obstetric history, and breastfeeding data through chart review. A breastfeeding observation was completed at approximately 36 hours after birth by unit nurses. Participants maintained breastfeeding logs in hospital and for 6 months after birth and completed three self-report questionnaires before discharge. We analyzed outcomes using backward stepwise linear and logistic regression.ResultsOne childbirth factor, labor induced with oxytocin, was negatively associated with effective initiation of breastfeeding, and none was related to breastfeeding duration and exclusivity at any time point. Maternal weight; professional support; and newborn’s gestational age at birth, 5-minute Apgar score, weight loss, LATCH score, and active feeds (newborn actively suckled at the breast) were significantly associated with breastfeeding outcomes.ConclusionInduction of labor with oxytocin should be used judiciously; when used, nurses must be hypervigilant to assess the mother–infant dyad for breastfeeding issues and to intervene to prevent or remediate them.     

Comparative evaluation of Low Level Laser Therapy and cryotherapy in pain control and wound healing following orthodontic tooth extraction: A double blind study

PurposeTo compare and evaluate pain and healing following orthodontic tooth extraction using Low Level Laser Therapy [LLLT] and Cryotherapy.Materials and methods62 patients referred for orthodontic extraction of bilateral bicuspids were included. Subjects were alternatively divided into two groups with 31 patients each. One of the bilateral extraction sites was subjected to either intervention, LLLT or Cryotherapy, while the other site was kept as control. Pain was assessed for 7 consecutive days by Visual Analogue Scale and Wound healing on 4^th, 7^th and 14^th days using a modified wound healing scale.ResultsPain scores were generally better for Group I [LLLT] when compared to Group II [Cryotherapy] on all days. The highest mean score for pain observed on the 1^st post-extraction day was 4.00 ± 0.93 and 4.16 ± 0.93 for Group I and Group II respectively [p = 0.42]. It was also observed that LLLT helped in better wound healing as compared to cryotherapy with a significant difference in wound healing on 7^th [mean score for Group I and Group II- 1.16 ± 0.52 and 1.6 ± 0.62 respectively: p = 0.01] and 14^th [mean score Group I and Group II- 0.23 ± 0.43 and 1.0 ± 0.58 respectively: p = 0.00] post-extraction days.ConclusionLLLT has better analgesic and wound healing properties as compared to Cryotherapy, suggesting that LLLT should be preferred over cryotherapy whenever possible.     

Short or Long Sleep Duration and CKD: A Mendelian Randomization Study

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